Fensetere ea boleng ba U e lekanya sekhahla sa ho fetisoa ha mocheso o seng oa letsatsi ka har'a khalase eohle le kopano ea foreimi. Maemo a tlase a U a bontša hore ho na le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso. Likopano tsena tse tsoetseng pele li boloka mocheso oa ka tlung ka har'a likhoeli tse batang tsa mariha 'me li thibela mocheso o teng hlabula ha ho chesa.
Keletso: Litekanyetso tse tlase tsa U li bolela ts'ebetso e ntlafetseng ea mocheso le ho boloka chelete e ngata ea nako e telele.
Ho utloisisa litekanyetso tsa U ho lumella beng ba matlo, litsebi tsa meralo, le lihahi tsa khoebo ho khetha lihlahisoa tse sebetsang hantle tse ntlafatsang taolo ea boemo ba leholimo. Ho ntlafaletsa fensetere ea Matla a Matla ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebeliso haholo:
Phetolelo ea Boemo | Khakanyo ea Chelete ea Chelete ea Tšebeliso ea Selemo le Selemo |
|---|---|
Ho Fetola Windows-Pane e le 'Ngoe | $126 - $465 |
Ho fetola Double-Pane, Hlakileng ea Khalase ea Windows | $27 - $111 |
Lintlha tsa bohlokoa
Litekanyetso tse tlase tsa U li bolela ho koala lifensetere tse betere le litefiso tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa motlakase tse tlase haholo.
Ho khetha lifensetere tse baballang matla ho felisa lirafshoa tse sa phutholohang tsa phaposi le ho thibela bohlasoa ba likhalase tsa kahare.
Likhalase tse nang le liphanele tse tharo le liforeimi tse sirelelitsoeng li thibela mocheso ho boloka lehae la hau le le monate selemo ho pota.
Ho kopanya boleng bo tlase ba U-le litekanyetso tse tsamaellanang le boemo ba leholimo ho thusa lehae la hau ho kopana le likhoutu tsa sejoale-joale tsa moaho.
Window U-Value ke Eng?
Fensetere ea boleng ba U e lekanya sekhahla sa mocheso o sa sebetseng oa letsatsi ka kopano e felletseng ea lifensetere. Linomoro tse tlase li bontša bokhoni bo betere ba ho pata. Litsebi tsa kaho li lekanya lintlha tsena ho lekola katleho ea mocheso ka kakaretso.
Ho utloisisa Thermal Transmittance
Thermal transmittance e hlalosa kamoo mocheso o tsamaeang habonolo ka thepa ea mohaho. Mocheso o fetela ka har'a kopano ea fensetere ka mekhoa e meraro e fapaneng ea 'mele: conduction, convection, le radiation.
Mokhoa oa ho Fetisetsa Mocheso | Mokhoa oa ho fetisa | Sebaka sa mantlha ka fensetere | Leano la ho Fokotsa |
|---|---|---|---|
Tsamaiso | Mocheso o tobileng o phalla ka thepa e tiileng | Fensetere foreime, likhalase, le spacer mekoallo | Ho sebelisa li-profiles tsa likamore tse ngata le likheo tse tsoelang pele tsa mocheso |
Convection | Motsamao oa mocheso o tsamaisoang ke ho potoloha ha khase | Sebaka se tletseng khase (IGU) pakeng tsa likhalase tsa khalase | Ho ntlafatsa geometry ea bophara ba lekhalo lipakeng tsa lipane |
Mahlaseli | Ho tsoa le ho monya matla a infrared ho potoloha libaka | Libaka tsa likhalase | Ho sebelisa litlolo tse nang le mosi o tlase (low-E) ho bonts'a matla a infrared |
Mokhoa o mong le o mong oa phetisetso o ama ts'ebetso ea matla kaofela. Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea boenjiniere e lebisa mekhoa eohle e meraro ho fokotsa phetisetso ea mocheso haholo.
U-Boleng khahlano le R-Boleng
Beng ba matlo ba bangata ba elelloa boleng ba R ho tsoa lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho kenya letsoho lapeng. R-boleng e lekanya khanyetso ea mocheso, e bonts'a bokhoni ba thepa ea ho sitisa ho phalla ha mocheso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, U-value e lekanya phetisetso ea mocheso, e bonts'a bonolo boo mocheso o tsamaeang ka bona kopanong.
Ntho ea bohlokoa e Nkiloeng: Ts'ebetso ea boleng ba R le boleng ba U joalo ka liphapanyetsano tsa lipalo tse hlahisoang ke boitsebiso $U = rac{1}{R}$.
Metric / Kamano | Foromo | Palo Mohlala |
|---|---|---|
Kamano ea Lipalo | Mathematics Reciprocals / Inverses | $U = rac{1}{R}$ kapa $R = rac{1}{U}$ |
Fetolela U-Boleng ho R-Boleng | $R = rac{1}{U}$ | Boleng ba U ba $0.10 ightarrow R = rac{1}{0.10} = 10$ |
Fetolela R-Value ho ea ho U-Value | $U = rac{1}{R}$ | R-boleng ba $3.45 ightarrow U = rac{1}{3.45} hoo e ka bang 0.29$ |
Ho utloisisa kamano ena e fapaneng ho thusa lihahi ho khetha se nepahetseng Fensetere ea Matla a Matla bakeng sa boiketlo bo phahameng ba kahare le taolo ea boemo ba leholimo.
Hobaneng ha U-Values e le Bohlokoa Bakeng sa Ts'ebetso ea Fesetere ea Matla a Matla
Likopano tsa lifensetere li na le boleng ba U-hangata bo pakeng tsa 0.20 le 1.20. Lintlha tse tlase li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa libakeng tse batang haholo tsa leholimo hobane li thibela mocheso o ka tlung hore o se ke oa tsoa. Ho utloisisa linomoro tsena ho thusa bareki ho khetha lifensetere tse laolang phetisetso ea mocheso ka katleho selemo ho pota.
Ho Fokotsa Litšenyehelo tsa Ho futhumatsa le ho Pholisa
Phetisetso e tlase ea mocheso e fokotsa ka kotloloho mojaro oa mosebetsi oa HVAC. Ha lifensetere li thibela ho phalla ho sa batleheng ha mocheso, lisebelisoa tsa ho futhumatsa le tse pholileng li sebetsa hangata. Ts'ebetso ena e thusa ho boloka matla a khoeli le khoeli le ho theola khabone ea moaho. Ho khetha e Fesetere ea Ts'ebetso ea Matla e boloka mocheso oa moea oa kahare o tsitsitse ntle le ho beha khatello e eketsehileng lisebelisoa.
Leha ho le joalo, boleng ba U bo bolela halofo feela ea pale ea mocheso. Litsebi tsa kaho li lekola boleng ba U bapa le Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) ho bala matla a felletseng a mocheso.
Metric | Tekanyo ea Ntlha | Karolo ho Kakaretso ea Ts'ebetso ea Matla |
|---|---|---|
U-Boleng (U-Factor) | Sekhahla sa tahlehelo ea mocheso o se nang letsatsi / conduction ka kopano. | E lekola bokhoni ba ho kenya mocheso oa mocheso; litekanyetso tse tlaase li thibela mocheso oa ka tlung hore o se ke oa tsoa. |
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) | Palo ea mocheso o khanyang oa letsatsi o amoheloang ka khalase. | E lekanya ho kenngoa ha mocheso oa letsatsi; litekanyetso tse tlaase li thibela phaello e sa batleheng ea mocheso oa letsatsi. |
Kamano e Kopanetsoeng | Khoebisano e fapaneng pakeng tsa tahlehelo ea mocheso le phaello ea mocheso. | Ho eketseha ha mocheso oa letsatsi (SHGC e phahameng) ho ka fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso (Boleng bo phahameng ba U-Boleng) ho leka-lekanya tekanyo ea kakaretso ea matla ho latela sebaka sa boemo ba leholimo. |
Libaka tsa boemo ba leholimo li laetsa hore na metrics ena e 'meli e sebetsa hammoho joang:
Maemo a Tlelaemete a ka Boroa : U-Factor e ka fihla ho 0.40, empa SHGC e koaletsoe ka thata ho boholo ba 0.25 ho fokotsa meroalo e pholileng.
Northern Climate Balance : Li-U-Factors tse Phahameng li lumelloa haeba li kopantsoe le SHGC e phahameng, e leng ho lumellang ho fumana mocheso oa letsatsi ho felisa tahlehelo ea mocheso oa mocheso ka mafolofolo.
Ho Felisa Lithako le ho Ntlafatsa Matšeliso a ka Hare
Libaka tse batang tsa likhalase li senya boiketlo ba ka tlung likhoeling tsa mariha. Ha mocheso oa khalase o theoha, o baka maikutlo a hlakileng le tahlehelo ea mocheso oa 'mele.
Matšeliso Mechanism | Phenomenon ea 'Meleng | Phello ho Matšeliso a Thermal a Motho le Lingoliloeng |
|---|---|---|
Boikutlo bo sa thabiseng | Moea o futhumetseng o ka hare o ama bokaholimo ba khalase e batang, o felloa ke mocheso, oa teteana, ebe o teba ho ea fatše. | E hlahisa maqhubu a moea a batang a tsamaeang fatše, 'me a etsa hore ho bonahale eka ho bata maotong le maqaqailaneng. |
Mathata a Radiant | Sebaka se ka hare sa khalase se theoha mocheso, se theola mocheso o tloaelehileng oa mahlaseli sebakeng. | E fetola phapanyetsano ea mocheso oa batho, e etsa hore baahi ba ikutloe ba bata ho ipapisitsoe le mocheso o holim'a khalase, ho tsoa linthong tse ling, le ponong. |
Comfort Insight: Ho theola boleng ba U ho boloka bokaholimo ba khalase bo futhumetse, bo emisang marotholi a batang ho theosa le fuluru le ho boloka boiketlo ba kamore.
Litekanyetso tse tlase tsa U li boetse li felisa bohlasoa bo ka hare ba fensetere. Khalase e batang e hula mongobo moeeng o futhumetseng oa ka tlung, e etsa marotholi a metsi metseng ea foreimi le holim'a likhalase. Likarolo tsa lifensetere tse sebetsang hantle haholo li phahamisetsa mocheso holim'a sebaka sa phoka.
Karolo | Insulation Strategy / Innovation | Tšusumetso ho Kotsi ea Condensation |
|---|---|---|
Setsi sa Glazing | E kopanya liphahlo tsa Low-E le ho tlatsa khase ea inert ho fihlela lintlha tse tlase tsa U | E boloka mocheso o phahameng oa bokaholimo ba khalase, e thibela mongobo ho fihla moo ho leng phoka. |
Ho theha fensetere | E kenyelletsa likheo tsa mocheso le lisebelisoa tsa insulate ka har'a lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang joalo ka aluminium | E phahamisa mocheso oa bokaholimo ba foreimi ka holim'a moeli oa condensation. |
Edge Spacers | E sebelisa lisebelisoa tse sirelelitsoeng tse tsoetseng pele lipakeng tsa likhalase tsa khalase | E fokotsa borokho bo futhumatsang moeling oa likhalase, e fokotsa mohatsela o mobe. |
Ho khetha lihlahisoa tsa lifensetere tse nang le U-factor e theko e tlase ka ho fetesisa ho fokotsa likotsi tsa ka hare tsa condensation.
Lifensetere tse nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea li-insulated li rarolla tšubuhlellano mohloling ho fapana le ho itšetleha ka tšebeliso e matla ea matla joalo ka li-dehumidifiers.
Ho Kopana le Melao ea Matla le Melao ea Kaho
Melao ea morao-rao ea mohaho e hloka ho lumellana ka thata le lipakane tsa ho sebelisa matla a matla. Maemo a matla a khoebo joalo ka ASHRAE 90.1 a qobella lintlha tsa U-factors tse lumelletsoeng ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea moaho.
Tekanyetso e Phahameng ea Moeli : Litekanyetso tsa matla a khoebo li behile litekanyo tse phahameng tsa U-factor, tse hlokang lifensetere tse kentsoeng ho kopana kapa ho oela ka tlase ho meeli ena e khethehileng ea linomoro.
Tekanyetso ea Ts'ebetso : Tekanyetso ea maemo e ne e hloka ts'ebetso ea mocheso khahlano le ts'enyehelo ea litšenyehelo, e fokotsang meputso ea ho boloka matla.
Compliance Flexibility : Merero e fihlela litlhoko tsa khoutu ka ho hlakisa likopano tsa lifensetere tse nang le lintlha tse tlase tsa U kapa ka ho sebelisa mohlala o kopaneng oa matla a moaho le litsela tsa khoebo ha likaroloana ka bomong li feta meeli e behiloeng.
Ho khetha fensetere e tiisitsoeng ea Matla a Matla a Matla ho lumella litsebi tsa meralo le lihahi ho kopana le likhoutu tsa matla tsa tikoloho ntle le tšitiso ha li ntse li fumana melemo ea nako e telele ea moruo.
Likaroloana tsa Bohlokoa Fensetereng ea Tšebeliso ea Matla a Matla
Likarolo tse 'maloa tsa mantlha li sebetsa 'moho ho theola kakaretso ea U-value ea kopano ea fensetere:
Mofuta oa pane ea khalase le bongata
Sebopeho sa thepa ea foreimi
Liaparo tse ka holimo tsa microscopic tse tlase-E
Khase e sireletsang e tlala lipakeng tsa likhalase tsa khalase
Li-spacers tsa lifensetere tse mofuthu ho pota-pota mathōko
Likhetho tsa Glazing tse Habeli le Hararo
Baqapi ba meaho ba fokotsa mocheso o fetisang mocheso ka ho ntlafatsa ho tloha ho likhalase tse le 'ngoe ho ea ho li-insulated glass units. Ho eketsa likhalase tse eketsehileng tsa khalase ho etsa likamore tsa moea tse tiisitsoeng tse tšoarang mocheso ka katleho.
Glazing Configuration | Fesetere ea U-Factor Range (BTU/hr·ft²·°F) |
|---|---|
Pane e tloaelehileng e habeli | 0.30 - 0,35 |
Low-E Argon Double-Pane | 0.25 - 0.30 |
Likarolo tse akaretsang tsa Triple-Pane | 0.10 - 0.20 |
Phanele e Phahameng ea Ts'ebetso e Tharo | 0.14 - 0,26 |
Ho khetha liphanele tse tharo ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso hoo e batlang e le halofo ha e bapisoa le likhetho tsa mantlha tse nang le likarolo tse peli.
Liaparo tsa Low-E le ho Tlatsa Khase ea Argon
Baetsi ba kenya lirafshoa tsa tšepe tse tšesaane haholo (Low-E) ka kotloloho bokaholimo ba khalase. Mekhahlelo ena e sa bonahaleng e bontša mocheso oa infrared ho khutlela mohloling oa eona oa mocheso. Matlo a boloka mocheso ka har'a sebōpi nakong ea mariha a batang, ha a ntse a thibela mahlaseli a letsatsi le bataolang nakong ea lehlabula le chesang.
Ka har'a lekhalo la khalase, likhase tse matla tsa inert tse kang argon li nka sebaka sa moea o tloaelehileng oa tikoloho. Argon e tsamaisa mocheso o fokolang haholo ho feta oksijene kapa naetrojene. Tlatso ena e teteaneng ea khase e emisa maqhubu a convection ea mocheso lipakeng tsa likhalase, ho etsa hore e be ea hau Fensetere ea Tšebeliso ea Matla a Matla e sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'epahalang selemo ho pota.
Liforeimi tse Senyehileng ka Thermally le Spacers
Lisebelisoa tsa foreimi li bapala karolo e kholo ho tsamaisa mocheso ka kakaretso. Litšepe tse tala li fetisa mocheso ka potlako, athe lisebelisoa tse seng tsa tšepe li hanela ho phalla ha mocheso ka tlhaho.
Thepa ea Frame | Thermal Conductivity & Performance |
|---|---|
Fiberglass | Thermal conductivity e tlaase ka ho fetisisa, e fanang ka insulation ea top-tier. |
Vinyl (PVC) | Conductivity e tlaase ea mocheso e nang le likhetho tse ngata tsa ho kenya likamore tse ngata. |
Lehong | Insulator ea tlhaho e sebetsang ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa cellular. |
Ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso ntle le haeba baenjiniere ba kenya khefu ea mocheso oa sebopeho. |
Liqapi tsa polyamide li fana ka boleng bo tlase haholo ba phetisetso ea mocheso ho feta aluminium e tala. Ho li kopanya ka har'a foreimi ho fana ka monyetla o kopaneng oa sebopeho le mocheso, ho fana ka ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ho fihla ho phokotso ea 20% ho U-factor..
Baenjiniere ba kenya likhoele tsa PA66 GF25 polyamide lipakeng tsa liprofaele tsa foreimi ea aluminium ea kahare le kantle. Litšitiso tsena tse sireletsang li fokotsa mocheso oa foreimi ka 50% ho isa ho 70%, e leng ho theha tsamaiso e phahameng ea lifensetere ea Matla a Matla e thibelang boemo ba leholimo bo matla ba kantle. Li-spacer bar tse bohareng ba mocheso li tiisa mathōko a khalase ho thibela borokho ba mocheso o batang.
Litharollo tse Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa ka Window ea Derchi le Monyako
Derchi Window le Door e etella pele 'maraka oa lefats'e ka lilemo tse fetang 25 tsa boiphihlelo ba ho etsa aluminium. Khamphani e etsa litsamaiso tsa lienfelopo tsa premium tse fanang ka taolo e ke keng ea lekanngoa ea mocheso bakeng sa merero ea sejoale-joale ea meralo.
Boenjiniere ba Khoebo le Boqapi
Derchi e theha li-profiles tsa 6063-T5 tse robehileng tsa aluminium tse sebetsanang le merero e boima ea meralo ntle le matla. Litsamaiso tsena tse tsoetseng pele li fihlella lintlha tse khahlang tsa U-factors lipakeng tsa 0.27 le 0.32 ka boenjiniere bo bohlale ba mocheso:
Multi-Cavity Construction : Lerako la profil ea 1.8mm le na le likamore tse ka hare tse liehisang ho fetisa mocheso.
Sethibelo se Atolositsoeng sa Thermal : Lesela le nang le bophara ba 44mm le arola tšepe e kantle ho bokahare ba kahare.
Sistimi ea ho Tiisa Hararo : Likarolo tse tharo tse ikhethileng tsa EPDM tsa gasket li emisa ho kenella ha moea le ho koala mongobo.
Sehlopha sa Feature | Mokhoa oa ho Rala | Tšireletso ea ho Kena ha Moea |
|---|---|---|
Multi-Point Locking | Sistimi ea Lock ea Mahlakore A mane | E sireletsa lintlha tse tšeletseng ho potoloha moeli oa foreimi ho hatella maqhama ka thata khahlanong le litiiso tsa perimeter. |
Boemo ba leholimo | Li-Gaskets tsa EPDM tsa Mehato e meraro | Theha lithibelo tse sa khaotseng tsa 'mele tse thibelang moea, ho kenella le molumo o sa batleheng. |
Lintho tsena tsa meralo li tšehetsa lifahase tsa khalase tse atolositsoeng le tse kholo mamati a thellang a litsela tse ngata . Lits'ebetso tsa lifensetere tsa Derchi li hokahana hantle le meaho ea marako ea likharetene ha li ntse li mamella likhatello tsa moea tsa moralo ho fihla ho 5 kPa le ho tiea ha metsi ho fihla ho 700 Pa.
Netefatso ea Boleng: Mekhatlo ea tlhahlobo ea lefats'e e netefatsa lihlahisoa tsa Derchi tlasa maemo a NFRC, CE, AS2047, le CSA. Emong le emong Fesetere ea Ts'ebetso ea Matla e etsoa tlhahlobo ea feme ea 42 mme e tla le waranti ea ts'ebetso ea lilemo tse 10.
Ho Khetha Boleng bo nepahetseng ba U bakeng sa Boemo ba Leholimo ba Hao
Litsebi tsa meralo li khetha lifensetere tsa U-values le litekanyetso tsa SHGC tse ipapisitseng le libaka tsa boemo ba leholimo ba tikoloho le maemo a moaho.
Sebaka sa Tlelaemete | Fesetere e reriloeng ea U-Boleng | Sepheo sa Mathomo |
|---|---|---|
Maemo a Leholimo a Mohatsela a Leboya | ≤ 0.22 Btu/h·ft²·°F | Emisa tahlehelo ea mocheso le ho fokotsa meroalo ea mocheso oa mariha. |
Boemo ba Leholimo bo Mofuthu ba Boroa | 0.30 – 0.45 W/m²·K | Thibela ho tsamaisa mocheso oa letsatsi le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa ho pholisa. |
Ho beoa ha lifensetere ka maano ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea matla a ho aha ka botlalo:
Windows e shebaneng le Bophirimela : Khalase e tlase ea SHGC e thibela mocheso o matla oa letsatsi oa thapama.
Windows-Facing South : Khalase e itekanetseng ea SHGC e hapa mocheso o thusang oa mariha ha o kopantsoe le moriti oa kantle.
Windows e shebaneng le Leboea : Ho khetha fensetere ea Ts'ebetso ea Matla e nang le boleng bo tlase ba U ho nka sebaka sa pele hobane li-facade tsena li fumana mocheso o fokolang oa letsatsi.
Window U-values e laola ts'ebetso eohle ea mocheso le ho boloka tšebeliso ea nako e telele. Ho khetha fensetere e netefalitsoeng ea Energy Efficiency ho fokotsa litefiso tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa matla, ho ntlafatsa boiketlo ba letsatsi le letsatsi ba kahare, 'me ho khotsofatsa likhoutu tse thata tsa kaho ea tikoloho. Likopano tsa sejoale-joale tsa aluminium tsa insulated li boloka mocheso o futhumetseng oa ka tlung nakong ea selemo se seng le se seng ha li ntse li fana ka tefo e tsoelang pele ea lichelete.
Nka Khato: Litsebi tsa kaho le beng ba matlo ba ka ikopanya le fensetere le monyako oa Derchi kajeno ho hlahloba litharollo tse netefalitsoeng tsa meralo le ho kopa lipuisano tsa merero e tloaelehileng.
LBH
Boleng bo botle ba U bakeng sa lifensetere tse baballang matla ke bofe?
Fesetere e ntle boleng ba U-kakaretso bo pakeng tsa 0.20 le 0.30. Linomoro tse tlase li bonts'a ho kenella ho holimo. Beng ba matlo ba libakeng tse batang ba lokela ho khetha boleng ba U ka tlase ho 0.25 ho eketsa ho boloka mocheso ka tlung le ho fokotsa likoloto tsa ho futhumatsa mariha.
Na boleng bo tlase ba U kamehla bo bolela fensetere e betere?
Boleng bo tlase ba U bo tiisa ho kenya letsoho ho betere ha mocheso. Leha ho le joalo, bareki ba boetse ba tlameha ho lekola Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC). Maemo a leholimo a futhumetseng a ka boroa a hloka litekanyetso tse tlase tsa SHGC ho thibela mocheso oa letsatsi, ha maemo a leholimo a leboea a rua molemo ho fumana mocheso o sa fetoheng oa letsatsi.
Tlhokomeliso e Potlakileng: Leka-lekanya boleng ba U-bora bo tlase le lintlha tse loketseng boemo ba leholimo tsa SHGC bakeng sa kakaretso ea matla a matla.
Lisebelisoa tsa foreimi li ama boleng ba U ba fensetere joang?
Lisebelisoa tsa foreimi li susumetsa ka matla phetisetso ea mocheso ka kakaretso. Liforeimi tse tala tsa aluminium li tsamaisa mocheso ka potlako. Leha ho le joalo, profiles tse entsoeng ka aluminium tse nang le likheo tsa mocheso tsa polyamide li thibela ho fetisoa ha mocheso ka katleho. Moralo ona o bohlale o theha litsamaiso tsa lifensetere tse matla, tse baballang matla haholo.
Na likhalase tse nang le likarolo tse tharo li ka theola boleng ba U haholo?
Ee! Ho eketsa karolo ea boraro ea khalase ho etsa likamore tse peli tsa khase. Likarolo tse nang le likarolo tse tharo li fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso ka hoo e ka bang 50% ha e bapisoa le lifensetere tse tloaelehileng tse nang le liphanele tse peli. Ba theolela boleng ba U-fensetere e felletseng ho ea maemong a khahlang pakeng tsa 0.10 le 0.20.
Mofuta oa Glazing | Karolelano ea U-Boleng Range |
|---|---|
Karolo e 'meli | 0.25 - 0.30 |
Pane-Haro | 0.10 - 0.20 |
